Hi Eric
if you use spot lights, then make sure the spotlight is directed at the surface, if you only check it in one view it can just look like it is directed correctly. Take a look at the scene from the top view or left/right view too.
Make sure the light intensity is set high enough if you have the falloff type on the light to "Inverse Square"
And see if you by accident have made the light color black. This will never emit any light no matter how high you crank up the intensity. This exact problem did catch me a few years back where i just couldnt understand why the lights never would render... untill i saw i had by accident set up the default lightcolor to black  :-D
Robert